WebSockets offer persistent two-way communication between client and server, essential for real-time applications like chat, gaming, dashboards, and notifications. However, this persistence introduces specific attack surfaces: if the channel or its rules are not adequately protected, data exfiltration, session hijacking, and vulnerabilities related to unfiltered input can occur. This article provides a practical explanation of the most significant risks and essential countermeasures for protecting this type of connection. But what makes WebSockets risky? Their useful features include long connections, bidirectional traffic, and extremely low latency, which simultaneously create opportunities for attackers. A persistent connection means that a single breach can maintain access

Research into radio frequency security never stops. In recent years, we’ve seen the emergence of increasingly accessible tools that have brought the world of RF hacking beyond academic laboratories. One device attracting considerable attention is the LilyGO T-Embed CC1101, a small platform based on the ESP32 and the Texas Instruments transceiver. Thanks to the tireless work of the developer community, it has made a fundamental leap forward. With the latest version of the Bruce firmware, this device is now capable of capturing RF signals in RAW format. This means we’re no longer talking about simple replications, but rather in-depth analysis that allows