Security Vulnerability CVE-2023-27997 - Complete Analysis and Details
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CVE-2023-27997

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This is a free service offered by Red Hot Cyber to the community. It allows you to view, on a single page, information about a single CVE from the National Vulnerability Database (NVD) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) of the United States of America, the Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams (FIRST) regarding the EPSS score and percentile, data from the KEV catalog of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), as well as selected resources from Red Hot Cyber and other international sources.

National Vulnerability Database Information

Description: A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-122] in FortiOS version 7.2.4 and below, version 7.0.11 and below, version 6.4.12 and below, version 6.0.16 and below and FortiProxy version 7.2.3 and below, version 7.0.9 and below, version 2.0.12 and below, version 1.2 all versions, version 1.1 all versions SSL-VPN may allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or commands via specifically crafted requests.

CVSS Base Score: 9.8 (v3.1)

The **CVSS Base Score** is a score from **0 to 10** that represents the intrinsic severity of a vulnerability. A higher score indicates greater severity.

Value
0.02.55.07.510.0
Published on: 06/13/2023 09:15:16
Last modified: 10/24/2025 12:54:54
NIST: CVE source from the National Vulnerability Database (NVD)

CVSS Metrics Details

  • Base Severity: CRITICAL
  • Vector String: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
  • Attack Vector: NETWORK
  • Attack Complexity: LOW
  • Privileges Required: NONE
  • User Interaction: NONE
  • Scope: UNCHANGED
  • Confidentiality Impact: HIGH
  • Integrity Impact: HIGH
  • Availability Impact: HIGH

Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)

Database CWE: v4.18

CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow ↗

A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().

CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write ↗

The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

Fonte: MITRE CWE


FIRST Information

EPSS Score: 0.8992

The **EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System)** is a score from **0 to 1** that indicates the **probability** that a vulnerability will be exploited in the real world in the next 30 days. A higher value indicates a greater likelihood of exploitation.

Value
0.00.250.50.751.0

Percentile: 0.9954

The **Percentile** indicates how much higher this vulnerability's EPSS score is compared to all other vulnerabilities in the EPSS database. For example, a percentile of 0.90 (90%) means that 90% of vulnerabilities have an EPSS score equal to or lower than the current one.

Value
0.00.250.50.751.0

*Data updated as of: 2025-12-11


CISA Information (Known Exploited Vulnerabilities)

The **CISA KEV Catalog** lists vulnerabilities that have been **actively exploited in the real world**. If a CVE is present in this catalog, it indicates that the threat is immediate and mitigation should be a top priority.

CVE **CVE-2023-27997** **IS PRESENT** in the CISA KEV Catalog!

  • Vulnerability Name: Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy SSL-VPN Heap-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
  • Short Description: Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy SSL-VPN contain a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability which can allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute code or commands via specifically crafted requests.
  • Date Added to KEV: 06/13/2023
  • Vendor/Product: Fortinet / FortiOS and FortiProxy SSL-VPN
  • Required Action: Apply updates per vendor instructions.
  • Due Date: 07/04/2023

Articles published on Red Hot Cyber


NVD References

Exploit PoC from GitHub